Most people think they can blame their eyes if they struggle with light sensitivity. Sometimes that’s true, but there’s a growing body of research that shows there are lots of different causes of light sensitivity, including the brain, psychiatric conditions, and even medications.1 Light sensitivity is a complex issue that requires personalized solutions rather than a one-size-fits-all answer.
Sometimes it’s the Eyes
In many cases, the eyes are the source of light sensitivity. Dry eyes are the most frequently identified cause of light sensitivity, alongside inflammatory conditions like iritis, cyclitis, and blepharitis. These conditions affect various parts of the eye and eyelid, leading to discomfort and eye strain. Retinal and cone-related issues are also significant contributors to light sensitivity, potentially causing photophobia as an early symptom of progressive conditions. Regular eye exams are crucial to identify and manage these issues, as untreated eye conditions can worsen and lead to vision loss.2
Sometimes it’s the Brain
Neurological conditions such as migraines, traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), and meningitis are closely linked to photophobia. While migraines are often thought to cause light sensitivity, research suggests the reverse might also be true. In other words, sensitivity to light may actually trigger a migraine attack, and not be a result of having a migraine.3 For individuals with TBIs, light sensitivity frequently persists beyond the initial recovery period, often accompanied by chronic, migraine-like headaches.1 These symptoms can significantly impact daily life and prevent individuals from fully participating in what matters to them most.
Sometimes it’s Psychiatric Influences
Psychiatric conditions like anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder are also associated with light sensitivity.1 For example, hypersensitivity to light is a documented symptom in bipolar disorder, linked to disruptions in circadian rhythms.4 The way light impacts individuals with various psychiatric conditions varies, but in any capacity, light sensitivity can deeply disrupt an individual’s daily life and should not be ignored.2
Sometimes it’s Medications
Certain medications, including some sedatives, anti-psychotics, and anti-inflammatory drugs, can increase sensitivity to light, particularly UV rays.5-6 If you suspect your medication is contributing to photophobia, discuss alternative treatments or solutions with your healthcare provider.6
Treatment Options for Light Sensitivity
Effective treatment for photophobia depends on its root cause. This may involve addressing underlying ocular or neurological conditions, adjusting medications, or employing specialized solutions. Regular eye exams and open communication with your healthcare team are key to managing light sensitivity.
NSR-M’s Tailored Approach to Light Sensitivity
NSR-M provides a unique and tailored approach to combat light sensitivity related to the brain. We know that every brain is unique, and therefore, the management of light sensitivity should be unique too. Our client-centered approach includes customized colored lenses designed to filter harmful and painful light while addressing your brain’s specific sensitivities. Unlike generic solutions, NSR-M provides personalized care to help you regain comfort and quality of life.
References
- Wu, Y., & Hallett, M. (2017). Photophobia in neurologic disorders. Translational Neurodegeneration, 6(26). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-017-0095-3
- Digre, K. B., & Brennan, K. C. (2012). Shedding light on photophobia. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology : The Official Journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, 32(1), 68–81. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNO.0b013e3182474548
- National Headache Foundation. (n.d.). Light and headache disorders: Understanding light triggers and photophobia. National Headache Foundation. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from https://headaches.org/light-headache-disorders-understanding-light-triggers-photophobia-2/
- Roguski, A., Ritter, P., & Smith, D. J. (2024). Sensitivity to light in bipolar disorder: implications for research and clinical practice. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 224(5), 143–146. doi:10.1192/bjp.2023.150x
- Cleveland Clinic. (2023). Photophobia (light sensitivity). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/photophobia
- Venosa, A. (2020). Is your medication making your eyes sensitive to the sun? Skin Cancer Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.skincancer.org/blog/is-your-medication-making-your-eyes-sensitive-to-the-sun/